Other substances

Cannabidiol

A non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid.

Phase of research

Potential treatment - pre-clinical evidence

How it helps

Antiviral

Drug status

Used to treat other disease

Supporting references

Contradictory references

AI-suggested references

Clinical trials

General information

Cannabidiol is a phytocannabinoid without psychoactive activity. It has been shown to possess analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and chemopreventive properties (NCIt).

Cannabidiol on DrugBank
Cannabidiol on PubChem
Cannabidiol on Wikipedia

Synonyms

CBD

Marketed as

EPIDIOLEX

CCCCCC1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)[C@@H]2C=C(CC[C@H]2C(=C)C)C)O

Supporting references

Link	Tested on	Impact factor	Notes	Publication date
Assessment of antiviral potencies of cannabinoids against SARS-CoV-2 using computational and in vitro approaches 3CLpro Small molecule In vitro In silico	in silico; Vero cells	5.16	Inhibited SARS-CoV-2 in vitro (IC50u202f=u202f7.91u202fμM in Vero cells).	Dec/05/2020
Cannabis compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory activity in vitro in COVID-19-related inflammation in lung epithelial cells and pro-inflammatory activity in macrophages Small molecule In vitro	A549 cells; KG1 cells	4.00	The compound reduced IL-8 levels in A549 cells when used in concentration of 3 μg/mL. Lower or higher concentrations did not result in IL-8 levels' decrease, however (bell-shaped dose-response). Combination of CBD with other bioactive constituents of Cannabis extracts might lead to increase of pro-inflammatory cytokine production in macrophages.	Jan/14/2021

AI-suggested references

Link	Publication date
Activity of THC, CBD, and CBN on Human ACE2 and SARS-CoV1/2 Main Protease to Understand Antiviral Defense Mechanism.	Oct/12/2021
Cannabidiol for COVID-19 Patients with Mild to Moderate Symptoms (CANDIDATE Study): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.	Oct/07/2021
Cannabidiol Inhibits In Vitro Human Liver Microsomal Metabolism of Remdesivir: A Promising Adjuvant for COVID-19 Treatment.	Jun/16/2020
In silico inquest reveals the efficacy of Cannabis in the treatment of post-Covid-19 related neurodegeneration.	Apr/02/2021
Could Cannabidiol Be a Treatment for Coronavirus Disease-19-Related Anxiety Disorders?	Feb/12/2021
Efficacy and Safety of Cannabidiol Plus Standard Care vs Standard Care Alone for the Treatment of Emotional Exhaustion and Burnout Among Frontline Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Aug/02/2021
In search of preventive strategies: novel high-CBD Cannabis sativa extracts modulate ACE2 expression in COVID-19 gateway tissues	Nov/22/2020
Cannabidiol Modulates Cytokine Storm in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Induced by Simulated Viral Infection Using Synthetic RNA.	Sep/02/2020
Cannabinoids Alleviate the LPS-Induced Cytokine Storm via Attenuating NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling and TYK2-Mediated STAT3 Signaling Pathways In Vitro	Aug/09/2021
Targeting of Protein's Messenger RNA for Viral Replication, Assembly and Release in SARS-CoV-2 Using Whole Genomic Data From South Africa: Therapeutic Potentials of Cannabis Sativa L	Apr/25/2022
Pharmacological Modulators of Autophagy as a Potential Strategy for the Treatment of COVID-19.	Apr/15/2021
In Vitro Evaluation of the Activity of Terpenes and Cannabidiol against Human Coronavirus E229	Dec/13/2021
Reducing SARS-CoV-2 pathological protein activity with small molecules.	Apr/05/2021
Effect of cannabidiol on apoptosis and cellular interferon and interferon-stimulated gene responses to the SARS-CoV-2 genes ORF8, ORF10 and M protein	Jun/30/2022
Cannabidiol and Terpene Formulation Reducing SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity Tackling a Therapeutic Strategy	Jul/15/2021
The potential of cannabidiol in the COVID-19 pandemic: a hypothesis letter	Jul/16/2020
Cannabidiol (CBD) modulation of apelin in acute respiratory distress syndrome	Apr/26/2021
Intranasal temperature-sensitive hydrogels of cannabidiol inclusion complex for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder	Jan/24/2021
Cannabidiol inhibits SARS-Cov-2 spike (S) protein-induced cytotoxicity and inflammation through a PPARgamma-dependent TLR4/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling suppression in Caco-2 cell line	Feb/05/2022
New AKT-dependent mechanisms of anti-COVID-19 action of high-CBD Cannabis sativa extracts	Jun/06/2020

Clinical trials

ID	Title	Status	Phase	Start date	Completion date
NCT04603781	CBD Oil for Reducing Emotional Impact of COVID-19	Recruiting	Phase 2\|Phase 3	Dec/04/2020	Dec/31/2021
Alternative id - 2020-07-0138 Interventions - Dietary Supplement: CBD Isolate\|Dietary Supplement: Full Spectrum CBD Oil\|Dietary Supplement: Broad-Spectrum CBD Oil\|Dietary Supplement: Placebo Oil Study type - Interventional Study results - No Results Available Locations - University of Texas at Austin, Laboratory for the Study of Anxiety Disorders, Austin, Texas, United States Study designs - Allocation: Randomized\|Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment\|Masking: Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)\|Primary Purpose: Treatment Enrollment - 160 Age - 18 Years to 75 Years (Adult, Older Adult) Outcome measures - PROMIS Emotional Distress Index\|PROMIS Depression Scale\|PROMIS Anxiety Scale\|PROMIS Anger Scale\|PROMIS Alcohol Negative Consequences Scale\|PROMIS Sleep Disturbance Scale\|COVID-19 Coping Self-Efficacy
NCT04504877	Burnout and Distress preventiOn With caNnabidiol in Front-line Health Care workerS deAling wIth COVID-19	Completed	Phase 2\|Phase 3	Jun/16/2020	Dec/16/2020
Alternative id - BONSAI Study Interventions - Drug: Cannabidiol Study type - Interventional Study results - No Results Available Locations - Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil Study designs - Allocation: Randomized\|Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment\|Masking: Triple (Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)\|Primary Purpose: Prevention Enrollment - 120 Age - 24 Years to 60 Years (Adult) Outcome measures - aMBI-HSS: Abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey\|Brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7\|PHQ-9: Patient´s Health Questionnaire-9\|Change in proinflammatory cytokine concentration\|Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v5.0\|Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5)
NCT04615949	Cannabidiol in Patients With COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Disease or Risk Factors	Recruiting	Phase 2\|Phase 3	Apr/30/2021	Apr/01/2022
Alternative id - CARDIOL 100-03 Interventions - Drug: Cannabidiol, pharmaceutically produced with < 5 ppm THC\|Drug: Placebo Study type - Interventional Study results - No Results Available Locations - Valleywise Health Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States\|Westchester General Hospital, Miami, Florida, United States\|University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States\|Prairie Education and Research Cooperative, Springfield, Illinois, United States\|Lutheran Health Physicians, Fort Wayne, Indiana, United States\|Lowcountry Infectious Disease, Charleston, South Carolina, United States\|PRX Research/Dallas Regional Medical Center, Mesquite, Texas, United States\|University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, United States\|Baylor Scott & White Health - Temple, Temple, Texas, United States\|Liga de Hipertensão arterial, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil\|Sociedade Hospitalar Angelina Caron, Campina Grande Do Sul, Parana, Brazil\|Science Valley Research Institute, Campo Largo, Parana, Brazil\|Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Maringa, Parana, Brazil\|Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil\|Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil\|Hospital São Lucas PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil\|Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil\|Núcleo de Ensino e Pesquisa do Instituto Mário Penna, Conjunto ACM, Santa Maria, Brazil\|Fundação Pio XII - Hospital de Amor Barretos, Barretos, Sao Paulo, Brazil\|Science Valley Research Institute- Hospital Municipal de Barueri Dr. Francisco Moran, Barueri, Sao Paulo, Brazil\|IPECC-Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil\|Instituto do Coração do HCFMUSP, Cerqueira César, Sao Paulo, Brazil\|SVRI- Irmandade de Santa Casa de Misercordia de Santos, Jabaquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil\|Science Valley Research Institute, Morumbi, Sao Paulo, Brazil\|Science Valley Research Institute, Santo André, Sao Paulo, Brazil\|Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicine de Sao Jose do Rio Preto (SJRP), São José Do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil\|IAMSPE - Instituto de Assitencia Medica do Servidor Público Estadual, São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil\|Hospital 9 de Julho, São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil\|Hucff- Ufrj, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil\|Complexo Hospitalar de Niteroi- Centro de Pesquisa Clinica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil\|Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany\|Medical School of Bradenburg Theodor Fontane (MHB), Neuruppin, Germany\|TecSalud, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico\|Unidad Medica para la Salud Integral UMSI, San Nicolás De Los Garza, Nuevo Leon, Mexico\|Centro para el Desarrollo de la Medicina Y de la Asistencia Medica Especializada, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico Study designs - Allocation: Randomized\|Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment\|Masking: Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)\|Primary Purpose: Prevention Enrollment - 422 Age - 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult) Outcome measures - All-cause mortality\|Requirement for ICU admission and/or ventilatory support\|CV complications
NCT04731116	Cannabidiol Treatment for Severe and Critical Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pulmonary Infection	Recruiting	Phase 1\|Phase 2	Jan/10/2021	Apr/30/2022
Alternative id - 0245-20-RMC Interventions - Drug: Cannabidiol Study type - Interventional Study results - No Results Available Locations - Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel Study designs - Allocation: N/A\|Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment\|Masking: None (Open Label)\|Primary Purpose: Treatment Enrollment - 40 Age - 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult) Outcome measures - Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level\|Serum ferritin level\|Serum Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP10) level\|Serum IL-6 level\|Serum TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)\|Study drug related adverse events\|Patient adherence to the study protocol\|Ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) to fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2) ratio (PaO2/FiO2 ratio) for ventilated patients\|Length of ventilation for ventilated patients\|Length of stay in the ICU\|Survival by day 28\|Remission of respiratory symptoms\|Documented infections up to discharge\|Sequential organ failure assistance (SOFA) score
NCT04777981	(CBDRA60) to Prevent or Reduce Symptoms of COVID-19 and Prevention of Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection PASC	Not yet recruiting	Not Applicable	Jul/01/2022	Dec/28/2022
Alternative id - 1001 Interventions - Dietary Supplement: CBDRA60 supplement\|Dietary Supplement: Placebo Study type - Interventional Study results - No Results Available Locations - Anewsha Therapeutics / Comco R&D, Hanover, Michigan, United States Study designs - Allocation: Randomized\|Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment\|Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)\|Primary Purpose: Treatment Enrollment - 60 Age - 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult) Outcome measures - Decreased hospitalization\|Resolution of COVID-19 symptoms
NCT04467918	CANnabiDiol for CoviD-19 pATiEnts With Mild to Moderate Symptoms	Active, not recruiting	Phase 2\|Phase 3	Jul/06/2020	Nov/16/2021
Alternative id - CANDIDATE study Interventions - Drug: Cannabidiol\|Other: PLACEBO Study type - Interventional Study results - No Results Available Locations - Serviço de Assistência Médica e Social do Pessoal do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil\|Unidade de Pronto Atendimento/UPA - 13 de Maio/Dr. Luis Atílio Losi Viana (UPA Covid), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil Study designs - Allocation: Randomized\|Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment\|Masking: Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)\|Primary Purpose: Treatment Enrollment - 100 Age - 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult) Outcome measures - Prevention of severe/critical stage of Covid19\|Time to CoVid19 symptoms relief and number of participants with negative Clinical CoVid19 symptoms as assessed by CTCAE v5.0\|Change in proinflammatory cytokine concentration\|Describe the parenchymal lung damage induced by COVID-19 through a qualitative analysis with chest CT\|Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v5.0\|Time to clinical improvement with CTCAE v5.0 CoVid19 symptoms to 0\|Number of participants that need hospitalisation\|28-day mortality\|Time to positive-to-negative saliva 2019-n-CoV RT-PCR conversion\|Reduction in viral load\|Brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder and depression\|Increment of odor detection sensitivity
NCT04686539	Synthetic CBD as a Therapy for COVID-19	Recruiting	Phase 1	Jan/20/2021	Jan/01/2022
Alternative id - SHEBA-20-7526-HA-CTIL Interventions - Drug: CBD\|Drug: Placebo Study type - Interventional Study results - No Results Available Locations - Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Tel Aviv, Israel Study designs - Allocation: Randomized\|Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment\|Masking: Double (Participant, Care Provider)\|Primary Purpose: Treatment Enrollment - 50 Age - 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult) Outcome measures - Clinical deterioration\|Changes in NEWS scale\|Supportive care therapies\|SARS-COV2 presence\|Hospitalization Days\|Cytokine Levels\|Hamilton Anxiety Score
NCT04997395	Feasibility of Cannabidiol for the Treatment of Long COVID	Not yet recruiting	Phase 2	Jan/01/2022	Dec/01/2022
Alternative id - BOD202102U\|2021-004534-11 Interventions - Drug: MediCabilis Cannabis sativa 50 Study type - Interventional Study results - No Results Available Locations - Study designs - Allocation: N/A\|Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment\|Masking: None (Open Label)\|Primary Purpose: Treatment Enrollment - 30 Age - 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult) Outcome measures - Recruitment rate\|Tolerability for the treatment of long COVID\|Number of side effects\|Long COVID symptoms\|Fatigue\|Self-reported quality of life\|Pain score\|Mood (anxiety)\|Mood (depression)\|Sleep quality\|Resting heart rate (expressed as average beats per minute)\|Activity levels (number of daily steps, distance walked, stairs climbed, active minutes and calories burned)\|Oxygen saturation (expressed as percentage saturation)\|Daily symptoms

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